· Basically about how products have lifespan and because of technology development our attitude towards consuming and products has changed.
SUSTAINABLE CONSUMPTION
LO LONG TERM + ECO EFFICIENCY + SLOWER CONSUMPTION = SUSTAINABLE CONSUMPTION
Sustainable consumption = the consumption of goods and services that meet basic needs and quality of life without jeopardizing the needs of future generations”.
More attention needs to be paid to product life spans so industrial nations can make adequate progress towards sustainable consumption.
USED UP: slowing the rate products are used up (consumed) by increasing their built in durability and providing careful maintenance.
·CONSUMPTION CYCLE: of pre-purchase activity (recognition and information search), acquisition (purchase), product use and disposal. A Distinguishing different phase in the life cycle of a product is necessary to enable environment impacts to be estimated. I.e. energy and materials, consumption, emissions to air and water and waste.
·“Increasing product life spans, by combining greater resource productivity with slower throughput, provides and important mechanism for progressing toward sustainable consumption.
·Most people don’t behave properly at each stage of the consumption cycle. Their actions are not consistent with their behavior. They try to help but didn’t follow through.
RENEW
DURABILITY: Resource amount, low disappearing resources or infinite? Product durability and product life extensions, re use.
The Treasury: Don’t see a need for durability; they need consumers to spend. Reduce growth, lots of affecting factors.
Longer life could be achieved by products having more built in durability and improved use and care. It will reduce waste and increase material productivity.
·Past vs. present. They used to last a lot longer.
Longer lasting products are a prerequisite for sustainable consumption. ‘Product life spans provide a route to sustainable consumption. Reduced materials and energy amounts’ arising from eco efficiency is not offset by increased consumption, and the economy remains healthy because products are carefully manufactured and maintained and there is less dependence on rising consumption for economic stability.
·Innovation or stylistic change, implications for product life spans.
Product life is a key variable, it depends on function or purpose
·Design for durability is appropriate in the context of technological advance that reduces other environmental impacts. Trying to slow consumption but ignoring basic solutions. They have not improved product durability arguing that increased durability would lock society into a stock of products. As long as innovation continues, delaying replacement will enable the purchase of appliances that are more energy efficient.
· products are designed to specifics such as abrasion and wear, reliability, reparableness and upgradable. Durability comes from robust construction, high quality materials, careful assembly and easy access to part for easy repair.
Age with dignity
Handcrafted products have meticulous care for quality and detail. E.g. shoes
Product durability: 1) when value is added to the life cycle of a product through improved sales services and 2) for consumers to receive a service without having to purchase a product.
PRODUCT LIFESPAN:
Lower energy use should be prioritized over reduced waste. Apparently 90% of the impact was in the use phase rather than in production, distribution, and disposal. So improved energy efficiency should be prioritized over life span considerations? Fridges and washing machines.
End of life phase of products.
There may be a benefit to tracking products through their life, such devices would enable manufacturers to obtain data that would improve product reliability and servicing, gain knowledge about user behavior to aid marketing and determine appropriate reuse of parts when disposed.
Quality determines life span and it is difficult to rigorously examine product lifetimes.
·Factors that relate to product life: expectations for appliance life spans, the age and condition, how they were discarded and attitudes relating to repair.
Public think life spans have declined, and argued that appliances, particularly small items don’t last as long as in the past
We focus too much on the buying phase, the purchase, not the subsequent phases including disposal.
TIME IS MONEY
Human well being derives from Attention people give to their possessions and their involvement with them which requires time.
Faster nation. We consume faster, product innovations are fast and shorter product life spans. Crappy products more innovation.
CUSTOMERS:
Increased consumption = human happiness. They more stuff you have the happier you are.
·Consume faster, product innovations are fast and shorter product life spans. Crappy products more innovation.
Power to the people. Moral objective: Rich vs. poor
Likes lots, spends more vs. has little works hard.
Rich people consumption is at the expense of poor people and the future.
More you have happier you are.
Why and how individuals consume? Why do we discard products? Disposal behavior.
Lack of research linking waste to the consumption of household goods and waste with consumer choice
The less you thrash it, the longer it will last, the less products u buy in the long term to replace
new way of looking at products, changing people’s awareness: consumers and manufactures
·Clueless customers. They buy new and don’t repair. People are throwing out products that aren’t even broken. One third of discarded appliances were still functional. Get more statistics!
Reduced purchasing of short life products raises a threat of unemployment. Which means people won’t by short term? Not helping slow consumption. But if it is done properly and life spans are increased through intrinsic durability and better care and maintenance the problems will be overcome, by providing for efficiency and sufficiency. And also could provide employment to keep up with demands.
·It’s all taken care of and the customer doesn’t see the whole picture, OUT OF SIGHT OUT OF MIND
·PAY AS YOU THROW. Customers underestimate energy costs and overestimate repair costs.
Consumers become important in this development. They attitudes and behaviors
growth in possessions
People’s opinions are reflected by their behavior and lifestyle. Rich or poor etc.
Men are more concerned about advancing technology women are more price conscious
·Many consumers want better info at the point of sale about the intended life span.
Affective attention is hard in our throw away world. People need to take the time to care for others and objects.
MANUFACTURORS:
Manufactures are also to blame. They also relocated so products became cheaper to make so they can keep up with demands. There for sacrificing quality of products.
Another possibility is for manufacturers to lease products rather than sell them.
Or they could make prices reflect cost more rationally would stop people from disposing of cheap products with externalized waste costs.
Consumers need to become better informed about product life cycle issues. Manufactures can help by giving proper info about repairing, upgrading, or recycling and pay greater attention to after sales services.
CHANGE:
Raw materials and energy. A change is needed. Industrial nations and Countries are changing their ways and people are understanding it more but not looking deep enough for solutions and next steps.
Solution: “Resource prolonging “by increasing durability and decreasing turnover rates. I.e. reusing products and components.
·We need to be better informed and take care.
EFFIENCEY AND SUFFIENCEY:
Efficiency and sufficiency = green growth also drives sustainable development. Meeting people’s needs. Difficult to understand as people’s needs are meeting by sufficiency, but it is a problem if the environment benefits gained from increased efficiency are offset by increased consumption.
Eco-efficiency: reducing environmental impacts and economic costs simultaneously through more efficient use of energy and materials. Increased resource productivity that enables simultaneous progress toward economic and environmental goals.
·LONGTERM + ECO EFFICIENCY + SLOWER CONSUMPTION = SUBSTAINABLE CONSUMPTION
ECO design, efficacy, labeling, leasing
Eco labeling. Where the government determines appropriate standards, make product comparisons, verify environmental claims and assess policy options.
SLOW: slowness is a virtue, slow motion rabbit wins the race, being fast make man inconsiderate and foolish. This slow concept is being applied in other contexts e.g. slow food Angelina, slow cities. Short horizon perspective. Need a long term view and take long term responsibility.
·CLOCK: In the US ‘long now foundation’ aims to change people’s attitudes towards time by developing tools to help them toward think, understanding and acting responsibly over long periods . A clock designed by Daniel Hillis made a powered by seasonal temperature changes. It ticks once a year bongs once a century and the cuckoo comes out every millennium. Reframe the way people look at time. PAUSE
Life cycle thinking: ‘cradle to grave’ or womb to tomb’ broadens the interest in consumption beyond the point of purchase to all the phases in the life of a product, from its conception to its disposal. It considers the sequence of raw materials extraction, manufacturing, distribution, use and disposal from and environmental perspective.
·Life cycle refers to the introduction of a product into the market, the development of sales, the process of product improvement, and the point at which the product is removed from the market. Its critical design.
DISPOSABILITY/ CONVIENENCE:
We need to become better informed. What happens afterwards?
Convenience of disposability and the appeal of fashion. Eternally yours has been established out of concern that products are often discarded not because they are worn out but because people are tired of them.
FASHION: eco design, products endurance, designer’s role?
USED UP:
Changing people’s view
Peoples involvement in production process will make them appreciate products more and want t use them for a long time. It will attach them to the product and slow the consumption. If it’s just handed to them and it brakes they will discard it especially if it’s cheap.
REFURBISH, RE USE, RECYCLE.
Switching taxes form employment to energy and materials could help to make repair and maintenance more economically attractive compared with replacement.
REPAIR AND REUSE = LESS PRELACMENT.
Technological improvements won’t hold up as we need to slow the rate at which raw materials are transformed into products and eventually discarded.
Using technology to help situations
Designers are increasingly encouraged to take account of environmental and social considerations ecodesign. And designer’s interest in life cycle thinking is partly being driven by public policy, reflecting a need to reduce waste, but also by a desire to improve understanding of products in terms of how carefully; intensively and intimately they are used.
Design, products endurance, designer’s role?
·Design products easy to repair, longer guarantee
WE NEED MORE LOVE:
Not enough love. We don’t want out of date products. Our possessions communicate to people and contribute to human identity. We want to impress people.
·RENEW
·How many products can we feel affection for?
·Affective attention is hard in our throw away world. People need to take the time to care for others and objects.
Pick 3 things you would take to a desert island? It’s hard to narrow it down. What do I love? What do I need? What do I want?
·B ring back the love, take care of possessions.
·Not enough love. We don’t want out of date products. Our possessions communicate to people and contribute to human identity. We want to impress people.
TRUST RATHER THAN KNOWLEDGE.
The brand of a product isn’t the best guide.
·Customers are often unable to make judgments on the price/performance ratios of products. Opt for higher priced items are consequently dependant on trust rather than knowledge.
REPAIR AND REUSE = LESS PRELACMENT.
·Labor costs are high, not enough skilled people to do the repair and consumers are often victims of legal uncertainty.
·Look at other options, sharing cars, bus
·Using launderettes and renting
·Use the product more intensively eco labeling. Eco leasing.
RESEARCH
·Reduce the desire to acquire more possessions,
·Research needs: life span data, environmental case for and against increased product life span needs to be better understood. Spread the word, relationship between market conditions and product life spans, price/quality, consumer values and attitudes, life span extension and incentives for consumers.
·People understand the decision making concerning design, production, use and disposal is not well understood. People want the help they need to decide. Help understand products, more info on how longer lasting products will reduce the waste materials in economy. We associate durability with quality more than with environmentally beneficial. Need to increase customers love for what they already have and give them incentives to encourage less replacement and more repair. Evaluate the relative importance of economic, technological and physiological developments.
·Interest is growing, but we are a throwaway society with consumption patterns that have been characterized by excess speed and shortsightedness.
DAMAGE
·The design, production, use and disposal of consumer durables are not well understood.
·Importance of understanding.
END.
No comments:
Post a Comment